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The Circular Economy as an Instrument of Green Economy in Georgia

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Nika Tsotsoria

PhD Student at Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University

Abstract

Research Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the role of the circular economy as an instrument of green economic development in Georgia. The paper examines the conceptual relationship between circular and green economy approaches, assesses existing policy and institutional frameworks supporting resource efficiency and sustainable production, and evaluates the extent to which Georgia is aligning its economic development model with circular economy principles. Considering Georgia’s increasing environmental pressures, resource management challenges, and commitments to sustainable development and European integration, the study aims to identify key opportunities and barriers for advancing circular economy practices.

Methodological Approach: The research employs a qualitative and analytical approach based on normative, policy, and institutional analysis. The study draws on national legislation, strategic policy documents, environmental programs, and international frameworks, including EU circular economy and green growth strategies. A comparative analytical method is applied to assess Georgia’s progress relative to international best practices. The study also integrates a conceptual analysis of circular economy principles and their application to resource efficiency and sustainable production systems.

Main Results and Implications: The findings suggest that although Georgia has made initial progress in promoting sustainable development and environmental policy integration, the implementation of circular economy principles remains limited and fragmented. Key challenges include weak institutional coordination, insufficient infrastructure for waste management and recycling, limited economic incentives for businesses, and low public awareness. The study identifies the need for stronger policy coherence, targeted economic instruments, and improved institutional capacity to support circular economy development. These findings are relevant for policymakers, environmental agencies, and development partners aiming to enhance sustainable economic transformation in Georgia.

Keywords: Circular economy; Green economy; Resource efficiency; Sustainable development; Environmental policy.

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The New Economist, N2, 2026, Vol. 21, Issue 2.

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07/07/2026

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